Between the 1870s and 1900, Africa faced European imperialist aggression, diplomatic pressures, military invasions, and eventual conquest and colonization. At the same time, African societies put up various forms of resistance against the attempt to colonize their countries and impose foreign domination.
Jerusalem and Mecca are really holy in the Middle East because Jerusalem is the main city for the Jews and Mecca is the temple that the worshippers go to worship their gods in and they travel there once a month so those two are the best answers
The climate found in polar regions would be polar climate