Question

1. All fungi are

Answer 1

1. B - heterotrophic

All fungi are heterotrophic mainly because they rely on the external sources in obtaining organic material. They do not produce their own food, so they are not autotrophic like plants. They do not manufacture their food from light so they are not phototrophic. They are parasitic but not always.


2. C. Mycelium

Mycelium look like a tangled mass of threads. It is used for the absorption of food from external sources. Their high surface volume ration allows them to get enough nourishment.

3. B. Cross walls 

Fungal hyphae are divided internally by "septa". These septa are called cross-walls. These septa usually have pores that allow ribosomes and mitochondria to flow between the cells.

4. B. Breaking down dead organisms. 

Fungi are decomposers. They break down dead organisms and this helps because the organic matter that is decomposed by fungi can be used by other decomposers and can be used as food for plants. 

5. B. Asexually by producing spores

Yeast produces asexually either through budding of spores and by fragmentation as well. The spores they bud are called conidiospores. The reproductive structures are the asci, which is the sexual spore-bearing cells, that form on the end of specialized hyphae. 

Answer 2

1. Fungi are heterotrophic organisms as they use organic carbon to perform their functions and for survival.  

2. Mycelium is composed of a tangled mess of hyphae found beneath the soil.

4. The role of fungi in an ecosystem is to utilize the dead organic matter in order to release its components which can further be used by other organisms.  

5. Yeast reproduces through asexual reproduction called budding.  

Further Explanation:

1. The fungi obtain their energy requirements for survival from other organisms. This makes them heterotrophic in nature. The fungi feed on dead or living organisms and break the bonds of protein and sugar compounds found in them in order to extract energy. Fungi can also be classified as saprotrophs that feed on dead and decaying organic matter, or as symbionts that depend on living organisms for organic compounds.

2. A hypha is a thread-like structure which branch to form the vegetative part of a fungus, called mycelium. This mass of hyphae is found under the soil. The fungi undergo asexual reproduction to form spores. These spores are capable of turning into mycelium. A single mycelium is asexual and therefore, joins the other mycelium to produce fruiting bodies known as mushrooms. The mycelium helps the fungus to extract nutrients from the environment. The hyphae first release the enzymes into the source of food which helps in the breakdown of complex molecules. This is followed by the absorption of monomer through the mycelium which can then be used by the fungus.  

3. Fungi play the role of decomposers in the ecosystem. The decomposers degrade the organic matter which is difficult to be recycled otherwise. The fungi are usually found in dark and moist conditions such as forest floor which is rich in animal and plant debris. In such conditions, fungi act as decomposers and recyclers to facilitate members of different kingdoms with the nutrients for survival. The decomposers are essential to maintain a balance in the ecosystem as they help in the release of certain elements from the dead and decaying matter which are not usually abundant in the environment.

4. The common method of reproduction in yeast is through asexual reproduction. During this method, a bud appears on the parent cell. The parent cell nucleus divides to form a daughter nucleus. The newly formed nucleus then moves into the daughter cell or the bud. The bud keeps on growing until it is separated from the parent cell.  

Learn More-

1. Learn more about a haploid cell during meiosis brainly.com/question/94813

2. Learn more about how are mitosis and binary fission similar brainly.com/question/6462270

3. Learn more about a dividing eukaryotic cell that is treated with a drug that inhibits the shortening of spindle microtubules. This will cause the cell division cycle to stop at the ____ stage. brainly.com/question/10767798

Answer Details:

Grade: High School

Chapter: The Fungi

Subject: Biology

Keywords:

Fungi, heterotrophs, saprotrophs, symbionts, dead organic matter, organic compounds, hyphae, mycelium, spores, fruiting bodies, mushrooms, decomposers, recyclers, parent cell, budding, daughter cell.