Answer: D. Anticipates events
Explanation: Classical conditioning is actually a type of learning where a conditioned stimulus, one given under a condition, elicits some unconditional stimulation and becomes associated with that unconditioned stimulus after several repetitions. That unconditional stimulus, prior to these repetitions of conditioned stimuli, had nothing to do. After several repetitions of the conditional stimulus, a conjunction of the conditioned and unconditioned stimulus occurs, whereby the unconditioned stimulus becomes a behavioural response called a conditional response.
In other words, conditioned learning achieves connection, that is, association / associative learning of, previously, unrelated stimuli, and then a certain association is obtained, that is, a response to a particular stimulus. Therefore, conditioning that encourages associative learning acquires learned connections and associations that can predict events, which are actually learned responses to particular stimuli.
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<span>A concrete operational thinker replaces intuitive reasoning with logical reasoning. Reasoning will be based on observable quantities and qualities, not the hypothetical. As and example , a concrete thinker would know that changing the shape of a lump of clay does not change how MUCH there is of the clay, as they can observer the clay.</span>
In response to severe economic problems and growing political ferment in the USSR, Premier Mikhail Gorbachev (1931-) took office in 1985 and introduced two policies that redefined Russia's relationship to the rest of the world: “glasnost,” or political openness, and “perestroika,” or economic reform.