A peptide bond functions in making proteins. So a protein is made up of amino acids, which are held together by peptide bonds. Multiple peptide bonds makes a polypeptide
Answer:
- Radial symmetry is advantageous because sessile animals can "sit down", take food, or sense harmful environmental conditions from different directions.
- Bilateral symmetry allows motile animals to move straight forward.
- The major evolutionary advantages of bilateral symmetry include cephalization, the formation of a head and tail area and a more directional motion.
Explanation:
Radial symmetry is advantageous for sessile organisms since it enables the uniform distribution of the sensory receptors around the body. In consequence, sessile organisms can react to environmental stimuli from every direction. On the other hand, bilateral symmetry allows motile organisms the arrangement of a specialized nervous system from the anterior end of the organism (i.e., the 'head'). Moreover, another important advantage of bilateral symmetry is the ability to equalize environmental pressures on both sides of the body, thereby enabling a rectilinear motion.
Oxidative phosphorylation relies on the hydrogen ion concentration gradient generated and maintained by the electron transport chain.
Hydrogen ions are actively transported out of the mitochondrial matrix.
Hydrogen ion concentration is higher in the intermembrane space than in the mitochondrial matrix.
