Question

A sentence or assertion that something is or is not the case is known as a(n) .

Answer 1

E is your answer. A sentence or assertion indicating that something is or is not the case is known as a statement, they are also called declarative or assertive sentences (a)

(a) Romeo was in love with Juliet.

Furthermore, a group of statements supporting each other is called an argument.

On the contrary, Merriam Webster dictionary defines premises as  "a statement or idea taken to be true and on which an argument or reasoning may be based".  An example of a premise would be (b)

(b) Felines are said to be suspicious of your intentions, cats are felines, therefore, they are also suspicious of your intentions.

Imperative sentences give commands, as shown in (c). They can end with a period or they may end in an exclamation point.

(c) Do your homework now!

Questions are used to find out information and always end with a question mark (?). Take for example (d)

(d) What is your name?

Finally, the predicate can be understood from the point of view of grammar or from the point of view of logic. Grammatically, the predicate is a clause telling something about the subject of the sentence (e)

(e) Yesterday, Mary walked the dog at six in the evening

Or else, it is something which is affirmed or denied with respect to an argument of a proposition.