Individuals with two copies of a certain loss-of-function PMM2 allele suffer from hypotonia (weak muscle tone), and about 20 per
cent of these individuals will die of multiple organ failure during their first year of life. The PMM2 gene codes for an enzyme that is involved in the process of _______, which adds sugars to proteins on certain amino acid R groups on proteins. The modification of target proteins by this process is necessary for these proteins to fulfill their functional roles.
The answer to this question is that the enzyme responsible for this addition of sugars to proteins is involved in the process of Glycosylation.
Explanation:
As the enzyme is protein substances, they are always being coded for by gene located at the genetic loci of the producing organism. The illustration given in this question shows that the enzyme mentioned is responsible for the addition of sugars to proteins in the muscle so that these proteins can perform there a role for signaling, and ATP production. The process of addition of sugars to the proteins is called glycosylation of protein. The defect in the loss of this function in the enzyme leads to dystroglycan.
Evolution is most likely to occur when catastrophic events alter community composition. Catastrophic global event can influence that only the hardiest, generalist species may survive. Specialists may be left without food and starve.
