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Duplication is a type of mutation that involves the production of one or more copies of a gene or region of a chromosome. Gene and chromosome duplications occur in all organisms, though they are especially prominent among plants. Gene duplication is an important mechanism by which evolution occurs.
Darwinism is a theory of biological evolution developed by the English naturalist Charles Darwin (1809–1882) and others, stating that all species of organisms arise and develop through the natural selection of small, inherited variations that increase the individual's ability to compete, survive, and reproduce.
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A multicellular organism develops from a single cell (the zygote) into a collection of many different cell types, organized into tissues and organs.During development, cells use both intrinsic, or inherited, information and extrinsic signals from neighbors to "decide on" their behavior and identity.
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You'd want to examine homologous structures in fossil remains. This can give a geologic time scale of evolution within certain fossil groups. ... Fossil evidence can give a general timeline for the common ancestor or origin or homologous structures as well as how they have changed since then.
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