The answer is ( He excommunicated those secular rulers who refused to accept hi vision and yield on the issue of lay investiture.)
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The Council on Environmental Quality (CEQ) is a division of the Executive Office of the President that coordinates federal environmental efforts in the United States and works closely with agencies and other White House offices on the development of environmental and energy policies and initiatives.
Explanation:
A. Smith positions himself where people can see him easily.
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i think the answer is logic i hope this helps
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