b. commensalism
d. coyote is at the top of that chain so it gets the least energy
c. mistletoe is a parasite. the other options aren't symbiotic relationships
Explanation:
The function of the cell membrane is to protect the organelles that break down proteins and nutrients.
It is semi-permeable which means it takes in select nutrients and excretes cell waste into the bloodstream.
The answer is B) can start in many different places in a sequence at the same time.
These different places are called Origin of replication. :)))
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The right answer is: vitamin C and choline
Choline (vitamin B4) is the precursor on the one hand acetylcholine (important neurotransmitter and neuromodulator) and on the other hand, the cascade initiated by betaine (intermediate in the biological methylation and precursor of membrane lipids). In this, it is considered, by extension, as an integral part of the family of B vitamins,
Vitamin C protects against cellular aging, is essential for the immune defenses and increases the assimilation of iron of plant origin. It also contributes to the formation of collagen. Its deficiency leads to a disease called scurvy (hence the ascorbic acid name of vitamin C).
Manufacturers add sugars to their cigarette sometimes in the form of honey, etc. This makes cigarettes more enjoyable, particular and addictive in a way.
Hope it helped,
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