Answer:
- Hydrogen ion concentration is lower in the mitochondrial matrix than in the intermembrane space.
- Oxidative phosphorylation relies on the hydrogen ion concentration gradient generated and maintained by the electron transport chain.
- Hydrogen ions enter the mitochondrial matrix via facilitated diffusion.
Explanation:
Oxidative phosphorylation is a metabolic pathway by which Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) molecules are produced through the transfer of electrons from NADH or FADH2 to molecular oxygen (O2). The hydrogen (H+) ions are pumped from the mitochondrial matrix to the intermembrane space, and this movement of protons generates an electrochemical gradient across the mitochondrial membrane which is used by the ATP synthase to produce ATP. This gradient is generated by the movement of electrons through a series of electron carriers (e.g., cytochrome c and ubiquinone) that are embedded in the inner mitochondrial membrane. The movement of these H+ ions across the semipermeable mitochondrial membrane moving down their electrochemical gradient is named chemiosmosis and is an example of facilitated diffusion.
The answer is Prokaryotes.
For Ms. Cantu, the GRB7 gene is not expressed in malignant breast tissue while the ESR1 gene is upregulated in such tissue.
Upregulated genes are shown by the colour red.
Down-regulated genes are shown by the colour green.
Non-differentially expressed genes are indicated by the colour yellow.
Absence of expression is shown by the colour black.
Hence from the table and colours ESR1 The GRB7 gene is not expressed, and the gene is upregulated.
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Answer:
1.supply of better
quqlity food for animals
२.recovering and improving soil nutrients
Explanation:
by providing nitrogen fixing bacteria
