Answer:
Travelers and messengers spread the art of iron working. -Iron working was spread through trade. Iron working technology led to the expansion of agriculture. Iron-working technology intensified warfare between communities due to the production of iron weapons.
The main arguments of the reformers come from a free and personal interpretation of the Bible.
The Protestants noticed the excesses of Catholic traditions. Martin Luther (1483-1546) in Germany and Jean Calvin (1509-1564) in France rejected the authority of the Church, which defines itself as the sole interpreter of the divine faith.
The pillars of Protestantism are expressed by the solae:
- The Bible is the supreme authority.
- Salvation is obtained by faith alone
Salvation is not the result of effort or merit.
- Jesus is the only mediator between men and God (rejection of papal authority)
- God is the only one to worship.
Luther found among some German princes support and protection to divulge his ideas. They also harbored grudges against the pope and the high clergy. Luther undertook to translate the Bible into German and the Reformation spread among the German principalities.
In England, Henry VIII proclaims himself "Supreme Head of the Church and Clergy" and breaks all diplomatic relations with Rome. In this situation of weakness of the Catholic Church, the Reform is spreading in Europe
The invention of printing by Gutenberg in 1450 allowed the transmission of new ideas and knowledge not only among scholars, but also among traders and artisans. Printing is the vector that will allow the exchange of new ideas.
<span>The term "Seminole" is a derivative of "cimarron" which means "wild men" in
Spanish. The original Seminoles were given this name because they were
Indians who had escaped from slavery in the British-controlled northern
colonies. When they came to Florida, they were not called Seminoles as
they were actually Creeks, Indians of Muskogee derivation. The Muskogean
tribes comprised the Mississipian culture which were temple-mound
builders. Among the Muskogean tribes were the Creeks, Hitichis and
Yamasees of Georgia, the Apalachees of Florida, the Alabamas and Mobiles
of Alabama, and the Choctaws, Chickasaws and Houmas of Mississippi.
<span> The Origins of the Seminoles
The original Seminoles came to Florida because it was controlled by the
Spanish, who had no interest in returning slaves to the British. They
were mostly Lower Creeks who spoke the Mikasuki language, but other
Indians, including Yuchis, Yamasees and Choctaws who had confronted
Ponce de Leon and DeSoto, also joined the tribe in their trek to
northern Florida from Georgia during the early 1700s.
</span> By this time, many of the tribes in Florida, including the Tequestas,
Calusas, Apalachees, Timucans and others, had been decimated by the
Spanish presence, either in battles or by diseases such as smallpox. Out
of an estimated 100,000 native Americans that occupied Florida during
the 1500s, less than 50 survived.
In 1767, Upper Creeks from Alabama, who spoke the Muskogee language,
settled in the Tampa area. Shortly after this, in 1771, the first
recorded usage of the name "Seminole" to denote an actual tribe was
recorded. In 1778, the Seminoles were joined by more Lower Creeks and a
few Apalachees.
<span> The Five Civilized Tribes
Together with the Choctaws, Chickasaws, Creeks and Cherokees, the
Seminoles were called "The Five Civilized Tribes." The name was coined
because these tribes in particular adopted many ways of the white
civilization. They lived in cabins or houses, wore clothes similar to
the white man and often became Christians.
</span></span>
Answer:
Byzantine art, the visual arts and architecture produced during the Middle Ages in the Byzantine Empire. Almost entirely concerned with religious expression, Byzantine art is known for the mosaics covering the interior of domed churches. They often feature flat and frontal figures floating on a golden background.
Explanation:
Byzantine art, the visual arts and architecture produced during the Middle Ages in the Byzantine Empire. Almost entirely concerned with religious expression, Byzantine art is known for the mosaics covering the interior of domed churches. They often feature flat and frontal figures floating on a golden background.
