Answer:
d.The wing-assisted incline running theory postulates that wings were initially used to maintain balance while climbing up slopes.
Explanation:
Two theories were given to explain the origin of avian flight. The top-down theory suggested that the birds' ancestors were tree dwelling species. They took help of wings to glide from tree to tree in order to avoid predator or catch prey. The bottom up theory suggested that the birds' ancestors were ground dwelling species. They took help of wings to maintain a balance and provide a lift for efficient running.
Wing-assisted incline running was a mixture of both the above theories and gave a balanced view point. According to it, birds' ancestors used wings to maintain a balance while running up inclined slopes. The wings helped them to save energy while scaling slopes and eventually a flight mechanism was also developed.
Because fungi are not necessarily green and make food using other methods, fungi does not have chloroplast.
<span>The answer is molecular clocks.
Molecular clocks use rates of mutation to measure evolutionary time. This technique is based on the fact that mutations add up at a fairly constant rate in the DNA of species that evolved from a common ancestor. The more mutations that happened in each lineage, the greater is the differences between these lineages and vice versa.</span>
Hello there
the answer is incomplete penetrance
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Best Regards Queen Z
Answer:
Plastic pollution, deforestation, and air pollution are only some of the ways humans are damaging the environment. Things like overconsumption, overfishing, deforestation are dramatically impacting our world. ...
