The answer is A. A unitary system
Oversight and public education are examples of "implied" Congressional functions, since although they are not explicitly mentioned in the Constitution, they are included in Congress's wide-reach power to regulate interstate activity.
The correct answer is the United Provinces of the Netherlands (Holland). They founded the first Settlement of what would become the city of New York in 1625. In 1664 the colony was captured by the British Empire. The city was incorporated officially into the British possessions in North America in 1665.