Answer:
The correct option is c. raise G by $30 or reduce T by $40.
Explanation:
Note: This question is not complete. The complete question is therefore provided before answering the question as follows:
(Advanced analysis) Answer the question on the basis of the following information for a mixed open economy. The letters Y, Ca, Ig, Xn, G, and T stand for GDP, consumption, gross investment, net exports, government purchases, and net taxes respectively. Figures are in billions of dollars.
Ca = 25 + 0.75(Y - T)
Ig = Ig0 = 50
Xn = Xn0 = 10
G = G0 = 70
T = T0 = 30
Refer to the information. If government desired to raise the equilibrium GDP to $650, it could:
a. raise G by $45 or reduce T by $10.
b. raise G by $40 and reduce T by $30.
c. raise G by $30 or reduce T by $40.
d. raise both and T by $40.
e. reduce G by $30 and increase T by $40.
The explanation of the answer is now provided as follows:
Equilibrium GDP (Y) can be obtained as follows:
Y = C + G + I + Xn …………………….. (1)
Substituting all the values in the question into equation (1) and solve for Y, we have:
Y = 25 + 0.75(Y - 30) + 70 + 50 + 10
Y = 0.75Y - 22.50 + 155
Y – 0.75Y = 132.50
0.25Y = 132.50
Y = 132.50 / 0.25
Y = 530
Therefore, we have:
Y = Current equilibrium GDP = $530
Amount of increase in equilibrium GDP required = Desired equilibrium GDP – Current equilibrium GDP = 650 - 530 = 120
From the question, we have:
Ca = 25 + 0.75(Y - T) ………………. (2)
The 0.75 in equation (2) is the marginal propensity to consume (MPC). Therefore, we have:
MPC = 0.75
Expenditure multiplier = 1 / (1 - 0.75) = 4
Tax multiplier = - MPC / (1 – MPC) = -0.75 / (1 – 0.75) = -3
Amount of increase in G or government expenditure required = Amount of increase in equilibrium GDP required / Expenditure multiplier = 120 / 4 = $30
Amount of tax cut or decrease in T required = Amount of increase in equilibrium GDP required / Tax multiplier = 120 / (-3) = -$40
Therefore, correct option is c. raise G by $30 or reduce T by $40.
