Fossils, or preserved parts of organisms from the distant past, have shown that species change over time. Radiometric dating can be used to determine the age of fossils by measuring the how much of the radioactive materials in each rock layer have broken down.
Answer:
only females
Explanation:
In humans, sex chromosomes in males and females are different. The sex chromosomes found in humans are X and Y chromosomes. X-linked trait is a trait which is inherited on the X- chromosome. According to the question, the trait is passed on a X-linked dominant condition, which means the condition is inherited on the abnormal dominant X-chromosome that will express itself even when in an heterozygous state with a normal X-chromosome.
Hence, a father affected by the condition will have a genotype; XY while a mother that does not have the condition will have a genotype: xx (two normal x chromosomes). Since the Father can only pass his X chromosome to his daughters and never his sons, all his daughters will inherit the condition (see the punnet square in attached image).
N.B: None of the sons will inherit the condition since the mother will pass normal X-chromosomes (x) to her sons.
<span><span>d. amino acids
</span>The two factors that determine the shape of a protein </span><span><span>
1. </span> Primary structure. The sequence of amino acids. Amino acids are the building blocks of protein. It is a strong of linearity that can be thousands in length. Moreover, the formation of the amino acid and its system is influenced by its genes’ nucleotides arrangement. </span>
<span><span>2. </span>Hence the next factor is how is the structure of the amino acids bended and folded with itself that forms the certain protein molecule and forms the larger complex structure</span><span>
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