One of the main reasons why life expectancy dramatically rose in the past century was due to different factors. One that surely contributed to them was better access to medical equipment and medical advances themselves. As well as better nutrition that was available to the common person.
I’m not sure if this exactly answers your question, but some eyebrows are raised at his dilemmas (morality tests) because the only people tested were 10-16 year old boys that had never been in the situations that were presented to them. Overall his dilemmas could be a reason why people question his theories. Other than this reason I am not aware of another reason why people would question his stages of moral development.
A) aerobic, which uses oxidative phosphorylation for ATP