Transcription in scientific genetics is used to describe the copying of the genetic sequence of DNA on messenger-RNA during expression of genes. On the other hand, translation is used to describe the use of the MRA to convert the gene sequence to amino acid sequences with the help of ribosomes.
Gregor Mendel started experiments on inheritance in the 19. century. The basis of inheritance patterns is the fact that diploid cells contain two copies of the genome and that a gene has different variants, called alleles.Alleles can be dominant (for example, marked A) and recessive (for example, marked a). In a gene locus (position of a gene) there are only two alleles, one from the mother and the other from the father.If individuals have two copies of the same allele they are homozygous (AA (dominant homozygous) or aa (recessive homozygous)). If individuals have two different alleles they are heterozygous (Aa).In autosomal dominant traits, the phenotype is present if both copies of the dominant allele (A) are present (homozygous individuals AA) or only one copy of the dominant allele is present (heterozygous individuals Aa).In autosomal recessive traits, the phenotype is present if both copies of the recessive allele (a) are present (homozygous individuals aa).This is complicated in sex-linked trait, because there are two X cromosomes in females and one X chromosome and one Y chromosomes in males, so terms dominant and recessive are not reliable.It should also be taken into consideration that many traits are complex and caused by many genes interaction and/or environment conditions.
Answer:
Direct sunlight reaches the Earth's surface when there is no cloud cover between the sun and the Earth, while cloud cover causes indirect sunlight to reach the surface. In gardening, sunlight falling directly on the plant is direct sunlight, while indirect sunlight refers to shaded areas.
Explanation:
100,000 years ago, there were three species of hominin that coexisted on Earth. They were Homo heidebergensis, <span>Homo neaderthalensis, and Homo erectus.</span>
