Answer:
3 (Cells carry out the respiration process)
Explanation:
Cellular respiration is a metabolic (catabolic) process common to all living things as all living things need energy for their life processes.
Respiration is the biochemical process in which the cells of an organism obtain energy by breaking down organic molecules in presence or absence of oxygen (aerobic or anaerobic) resulting in the release of Carbondioxide (CO2), water and Adenosine triphosphate (ATP).
Food molecules (containing stored energy in their chemical bonds) absorbed after digestion are broken down and the energy within their molecules are freed. This freed energy in form of ATP, is used to power the organism's movement and physiological functions.
Note that, ATP is an energy carrying molecule and a usable form of energy by cells. This is so because ATP releases energy quickly. Energy is released from ATP when the end phosphate (Pi) is removed to become ADP (adenosine diphosphate), which is a low energy molecule.
Aerobic cellular respiration consists of Glycolysis, Kreb's cycle and Oxidative phosphorylation. A total of 38 ATP molecules is produced in the cytosol of prokaryotes while a total of 36 ATP molecules is produced in the mitochondria of eukaryotic cells.
There are all sorts of ways to reconstruct the history of life on Earth. Pinning down when specific events occurred is often tricky, though. For this, biologists depend mainly on dating the rocks in which fossils are found, and by looking at the “molecular clocks” in the DNA of living organisms.
There are problems with each of these methods. The fossil record is like a movie with most of the frames cut out. Because it is so incomplete, it can be difficult to establish exactly when particular evolutionary changes happened.
Modern genetics allows scientists to measure how different species are from each other at a molecular level, and thus to estimate how much time has passed since a single lineage split into different species. Confounding factors rack up for species that are very distantly related, making the earlier dates more uncertain.
These difficulties mean that the dates in the timeline should be taken as approximate. As a general rule, they become more uncertain the further back along the geological timescale we look. Dates that are very uncertain are marked with a question mark.
Answer:
periosteum ----> dense irregular connective tissue
Explanation:
- The periosteum is a dense fibrous membrane that covers the surfaces of bones.
The periosteum consists of two layers-
1. Outer fibrous layer
2. Inner cellular layer
- It is mainly composed of dense irregular connective tissue along with a layer of simple squamous epithelium.
- The function of periosteum is to cover the surface of all the bones except those surfaces that are covered with cartilage such as joints and tendons and ligaments.
Answer:
Yes, high and low tide are affected by the moon.
