Explanation:
Burning fossil fuels, releasing chemicals into the atmosphere, reducing the amount of forest cover, and the rapid expansion of farming, development, and industrial activities are releasing carbon dioxide into the atmosphere and changing the balance of the climate system.
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Answer: It indicates the direction of the reaction
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During photosynthesis, the energy used to pump protons comes from ______light_____, whereas in cellular respiration it comes from ______NADH/FADH₂_______.
<h3>What are the steps in photosynthesis?</h3>
- The first step in photosynthesis is the absorption of light by chlorophyll bound to chloroplast thylakoid proteins. The absorbed light energy is used to remove electrons from electron donors such as water to form oxygen.
- The electrons are then transferred to the primary electron acceptor, quinine (Q.). Electrons are further transferred from the primary electron acceptor to the final electron acceptor (usually NADP⁺).
- Proton transfer from the thylakoid lumen to the stroma via the F₀F₁ complex generates ATP from ADP and Pi.
- The NADP and ATP produced in steps 2 and 3 provide the energy, and the electrons power the process of reducing the carbon to a six-carbon sugar molecule.
The first three steps of photosynthesis, are directly dependent on light energy and are thus, called light reactions, while the reactions in the last step are independent of light and thus are termed dark reactions.
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Answer:
The answer is 46 chromosomes.
Before mitosis, cell duplicates its DNA material so there are 46 chromosomes in duplicates and in total there are 46 x 2 = 92 sister chromatids. During mitosis, sister chromatids first join in the middle of the cell and then separate towards the opposite sides of the cell. After they separate, there are 46 sister chromatids on the one side and 46 sister chromatids on the other side. Each sister chromatid at the end of cytokinesis actually represents the chromosome of the newly formed daughter cell.
Explanation:
