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3 years ago

Meaning of alleles, dominant, heterozygous, homozygous, and recessive?

Biology

2 answers:

Dafna11 [192]3 years ago

5 0

Answer:

Alleles: allele is a variant form of a gene. Some genes have a variety of different forms, which are located at the same position, or genetic locus, on a chromosome. Alleles are called diploid in humans.

Dominant: In genetics, dominance is the phenomenon of one variant of a gene on a chromosome masking or overriding the effect of a different variant of the same gene on the other copy of the chromosome.

Heterozygous: Zygosity is the degree to which both copies of a chromosome or gene have the same genetic sequence.

Homozygous: Homozygous is a word that refers to a particular gene that has identical alleles on both homologous chromosomes

Recessive: Recessive: A condition that appears only in individuals who have received two copies of a mutant gene.

valentinak56 [21]3 years ago

3 0

Answer:

alleles-one of two or more alternative forms of a gene that arise by mutation and are found at the same place on a chromosome.

dominant- The dominant allele of the gene is inherently dominant,so it hides the presence of the recessive allele

heterozygous-having two different alleles of a particular gene or genes.

homozygous-a particular gene that has identical alleles on both homologous chromosomes

recessive-A recessive gene is a gene that can be masked by a dominant gene

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3 years ago

In a common reflex arc, after a sensory nerve signal is processed by interneurons in the integration center, where does the sign

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In a reflex arc, after a sensory nerve signal is processed by interneurons in the integration center, the signal goes to the motor neuron. The answer is motor neurons.

<h3>What is the reflex arc?</h3>

The reflex arc refers to the sequence of events since the body receives an external stimulus until it reacts.

In general terms,

1) A stimulus of varying nature reaches the body.

2) The peripheric nervous system -PNS- receives the stimulus and sends this information to the central nervous system -CNS-.

3) The CNS processes the information and sends another signal as a response to the stimulus.

Five elements compose the reflex arc, which are receptors, three types of neurons, and effectors.

The neurons involved in the mechanism are:

• Afferent or sensorial neurons

• Interneurons

• Efferent or motor neurons

Mode of Action:

<u>Ascending branch</u>

The stimulus reaches the body and is received by the specialized sensory receptors.

Afferent neurons, placed in the dermis and epidermis, receive this information from receptors, react and send it to the central nervous system as nerve impulses.

<u>Descending branch</u>

Interneurons in the CNS, process the information and send a motor response.

Efferent neurons carry the response from the CNS to the effector organs, which might be either a muscle or a gland.

Finally, the target tissue responds to the stimulus as a contraction -muscle-,or as hormones release -gland-.

A motor neuron is formed by a cellular body, dendrites (cytoplasmic extensions that receive stimuli from other cells), and a long axon that is capable of conducting the electrochemical signals.

The axon brunches out into several extensions when it approaches the muscle.

At the end of each brunch, the axon is inserted in the muscle fiber surface, composing neuromuscular join.

This is the last part of the NS involved in the process before the muscle contracts.

After a sensory nerve signal is processed by interneurons in the integration center, the signal goes to the motor neuron, and from there to the effector.

The corrct answer is motorneuron.

You can learn more about the reflex arc at

brainly.com/question/894334

#SPJ1

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2 years ago