Answer:
The cell membranes controls what goes in and out by having protein channels that perform their role accordingly sometimes like funnels and like a pump in different cases.
When a channel open in the plasma membrane it allows molecule to pass through, in this case there is no requirement for energy so it is a passive transport.
Gases and food particles broke down in water must be assimilated and waste or harmful substance and molecules must be remove. For most cells, this type of selective transport of all materials all through the cell must happen through the plasma membrane.
Answer:
<h3><u>Required Answer</u><u>:</u><u>-</u></h3>
- To find velocity of a object we need 3 factors
- Magnitude
- speed
- Distance
- Hence Here both option A and C are correct
Answer:
The product of glycolysis is two molecules of pyruvate. It is a three-carbon compound. This pyruvate again undergoes oxidation in the cytoplasm. This process is called pyruvate oxidation which produces Acetyl CoA. The Acetyl CoA is a two-carbon molecule.
Acetyl CoA again used for the citric acid cycle. This is also called as Kreb's cycle / TCA cycle. Because citric acid has 3 carboxylic groups. The acetyl coenzyme produces NADH, FADH2, ATP. The citric acid cycle occurs in the mitochondrial membrane. This is an 8 step process. The first product is citric acid. The other products of each step are isocitrate, alpha-ketoglutarate, succinyl CoA, succinate, Fumarate, L - malate, and Oxaloacetate (OAA).
Another process of aerobic respiration is the electron transport chain ( ETS). Here the energy stored in NADH, FADH2 in the citric acid cycle are utilized. It is a chain of electron carriers. ETS occurs in the inner membrane of mitochondria.
In short, the glucose splits by glycolysis and produces ATP, NADPH, and final product pyruvate. The pyruvate is oxidized and forms acetyle coenzyme. This is used in the TCA / citric acid cycle. In this process also NADH, FADH2 which forms electrons are produced. Theses electrons are carried by different electron carriers and accepted by oxygen.
In the process of pyruvate oxidation 6 ATP, and in Kreb's cycle 18 ATPs, in ETS, 4 ATPs are produced. In addition to this in glycolysis produces 4 ATPs. The total number of ATP in aerobic respiration is 32 ATP.
<span>All cells have the same DNA. They are different because different genes have been locked up and only some of them are expressed. The process began in the embryonic stage, when stem cells are turned into different types of cells by turning off some of the genes. Scientists have been looking for ways to reverse the process, meaning turning specialized cells back into stem cells. Some success has been reported using different methods. The latest one uses a weak acid to stress the cells.</span>
Answer:
Can be used for simple experiments at home or in the classroom
