Question

Suppose A is n x n and the equation Ax = 0 has only the trivial solution. Explain why A has n pivot columns and A is row equivalent to In.
A. Suppose A is n x n and the equation Ax = 0 has only the trivial solution. Then there are no free variables in this equation, thus A has n pivot columns. Since A is square and the n pivot positions must be in different rows, the pivots in an echelon form of A must be on the main diagonal. Hence A is row equivalent to the nxn identity matrix, In
B. Suppose A is n x n and the equation Ax = 0 has only the trivial solution. Then there are no free variables in this equation, thus A has n pivot columns. Since A is square and the n pivot positions must be in different rows, the pivots in A must be on the main diagonal. Hence A is the nxn identity matrix, In.
C. Suppose A is n x n and the equation Ax=0 has only the trivial solution. Then there are n free variables in this equation, thus A has n pivot columns. Since A is square and then pivot positions must be in different rows, the pivots in an echelon form of A must be on the main diagonal. Hence A is row equivalent to the nxn identity matrix, In.

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