First, the Market Revolution—the shift from an agricultural economy to one based on wages and the exchange of goods and services—completely changed the northern and western economy between 1820 and 1860. After Eli Whitney invented the cotton gin and perfected manufacturing with interchangeable parts, the North experienced a manufacturing boom that continued well into the next century. Cyrus McCormick’s mechanical mower-reaper also revolutionized grain production in the West. Internal improvements such as the Erie Canal and the Cumberland Road, combined with new modes of transportation such as the steamboat and railroad, allowed goods and crops to flow easily and cheaply between the agricultural West and manufacturing North. The growth of manufacturing also spawned the wage labor system.
Second, American society urbanized drastically during this era. The United States had been a land comprised almost entirely of farmers, but around 1820, millions of people began to move to the cities. They, along with several million Irish and German immigrants, flooded northern cities to find jobs in the new industrial economy. The advent of the wage labor system played a large role in transforming the social fabric because it gave birth to America’s first middle class. Comprised mostly of white-collar workers and skilled laborers, this growing middle class became the driving force behind a variety of reform movements. Among these were movements to reduce consumption of alcohol, eliminate prostitution, improve prisons and insane asylums, improve education, and ban slavery. Religious revivalism, resulting from the Second Great Awakening, also had a large impact on American life in all parts of the country.
Third, the major political struggles during the antebellum period focused on states’ rights. Southern states were dominated by “states’ righters”—those who believed that the individual states should have the final say in matters of interpreting the Constitution. Inspired by the old Democratic-Republicans, John C. Calhoun argued in his “South Carolina Exposition and Protest” essay that the states had the right to nullify laws that they deemed unconstitutional because the states themselves had created the Constitution. Others, such as President Andrew Jackson and Chief Justice John Marshall, believed that the federal government had authority over the states. The debate came to a head in the Nullification Crisis of 1832–1833, which nearly touched off a civil war.
1.The first estate was the clergy in France
2.The second estate was the nobility in France
3.The third estate was Estates-General
Sir Thomas More was executed because he would not accept Henry VIII as head of the Church in England. Option B is correct.
Sir Thomas More was venerated in the Catholic Church as Saint Thomas More. He was an English lawyer, social philosopher, author, statesman, and noted Renaissance humanist. He was also a councillor to Henry VIII, and Lord High Chancellor of England from October 1529 to 16 May 1532.
Sir Thomas opposed the king's separation from the Catholic Church, refusing to acknowledge Henry as Supreme Head of the Church of England.
A substantiated opinion is best supported by facts, like : studies, data, and research.
Hope this helps you :)
Answer: Yes! Industrial revolution!
Okie, so, Some new technology that helped change life in the West includes:
- rail roads
- steam power
- sewing machine
- telegraph
There's so much more than that, but those are the main ones.
Explanation:
Railroads made it much easier to transport more goods long distances in a relatively short amount of time.
Steam power made it possible for more factories to be powered, as well as exist. It also lead to inventions such as the steam boats and steam train.
Sewing machines made life on the plains easier. sewing clothes by hand took a loooooong freaking time, but with the sewing machine people (mostly women... only women?) could sew many clothes in the time it took to sew one by hand.
The telegraph enabled quick communication over long distances. It also helped America feel more connected. If something big happened in New York, it would normally take months for the news to reach, say California, but with the telegraph, people could receive news right after, or even while it was happening.
