Rods and cones convert light to neural signals which the nervous system can use. ... The 100 million rods are locates in the retina away from the fovea, so they carry out peripheral vision ("side" vision towards the edge of the visual field). Figure 6 shows the distribution of rods and cones on the retina.
Children will associate there unacceptable behaviour with getting spanked, and the purpose is to dissuade them from partaking in that behaviour in the future.