The Great Depression of the 1930s changed Americans' view of unions. Although AFL membership fell to fewer than 3 million amidst large-scale unemployment, widespread economic hardship created sympathy for working people. At the depths of the Depression, about one-third of the American work force was unemployed, a staggering figure for a country that, in the decade before, had enjoyed full employmentWith the election of President Franklin D. Roosevelt in 1932, government -- and eventually the courts -- began to look more favorably on the pleas of labor. In 1932, Congress passed one of the first pro-labor laws, the Norris-La Guardia Act, which made yellow-dog contracts unenforceable. The law also limited the power of federal courts to stop strikes and other job actions.
When Roosevelt took office, he sought a number of important laws that advanced labor's cause. One of these, the National Labor Relations Act of 1935 (also known as the Wagner Act) gave workers the right to join unions and to bargain collectively through union representatives. The act established the National Labor Relations Board (NLRB) to punish unfair labor practices and to organize elections when employees wanted to form unions. The NLRB could force employers to provide back pay if they unjustly discharged employees for engaging in union activities.
Executive power of "necessary and proper"--Lincoln was able to legislate from the Oval by use of executive order and in this case as Commander in Chief of the army.
Lincoln used the Emancipation Proclamation as a means to control the message of the Civil War, boost morale, and target the Southern labor force. As Commander and Chief, he has able to make war decisions and as it was an internal rebellion all acts were done by his executive order.
The correct answer should be <span>all three levels of government share authority over policy
In cooperative federalism all legislature made by all three levels is equal and all three work together in making policies. It's unlike the dual federalism where they both make the same legislature, and unlike the basic tyrannical federalism where a nation-wide government decides everything for everyone.</span>
During<span> the high </span>Middle Ages<span>, the </span>Roman Catholic Church<span> became organized into an elaborate hierarchy with the pope as the head in western Europe. He establish supreme power.</span>
