A virus<span> is a small </span>infectious agent<span> that </span>replicates<span> only inside the living </span>cells<span> of other </span>organisms<span>. Viruses can infect all types of </span>life forms<span>, from </span>animals<span> and </span>plants<span> to </span>microorganisms<span>, including </span>bacteria<span> and </span><span>archaea
</span>While not inside an infected cell or in the process of infecting a cell, viruses exist in the form of independent particles. These viral particles<span>, also known as </span>virions<span>, consist of two or three parts: (i) the </span>genetic material<span> made from either </span>DNA<span> or </span>RNA<span>, long </span>molecules<span> that carry genetic information; (ii) a </span>protein<span> coat, called the </span>capsid<span>, which surrounds and protects the genetic material; and in some cases (iii) an </span>envelope<span> of </span>lipids<span> that surrounds the protein coat when they are outside a cell. The shapes of these virus particles range from simple </span>helical<span> and </span>icosahedral<span> forms for some virus species to more complex structures for others. Most virus species have virions that are too small to be seen with an </span>optical microscope<span>. The average virion is about one one-hundredth the size of the average </span>bacterium<span>.</span>
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6 seconds - 1 second = 5 seconds for (1 breath)
60/5 = 12 (breaths per minute)
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Reduction of gene flow causes speciation because the populations with reduced gene flow both begin to evolve independently.
The eyes detect changes in posture and inform the brain about the position of the body, so vision is very important for maintaining balance, in the optic disc nerve fibers leave the eye.