<span>Let’s
start with the Cardinal first. Richelieu was a talented statesman and
politician, and as Chief Minister of the king (Louis XIII at that time) he
consolidated royal power at the expense of the nobles, and made France a strong
centralized state. The King Louis XIV, basically, followed the Cardinal’s
footsteps and went further by housing most of them in the Versailles Palace. In
addition, the king used entertaining, impressing, and domesticating them with
extravagant luxury to keep a close eye and a heavy heel on the aristocracy.</span>
The acts took away self-governance and historic rights of Massachusetts, triggering outrage and resistance in the Thirteen Colonies. They were key developments in the outbreak of the American Revolution in 1775.<span>Repression struck the colonists through the passing of a series of laws.</span>
