The "New Colossus" was written by Emma Lazarus 1883. It was published in order to raise money for the construction of the pedestal that would later support The Statue of Liberty. The poem gave new meaning for the Statue as a symbol of the welcoming of the United States to the "outcasts" and "downtrodden" of the world.
The river and deserts provided natural defenses for the Egyptians. The Nile River has a marshy delta. As a result, Egyptians could not build a port at the mouth of the Nile. This made it difficult for invaders to reach Egyptian settlements along the river.
