I believe it is the 1st one but may be the 2nd one.
The fundamental unit that you count to gauge how good a city is not the number of people, but the number of connections.
The Austrians and the Prussians were attacking along the french border and they were counterrevolutionary rebellions breaking out inside France
During the Crusades, VeneTan ships carried Crusaders east and brought back riches from these countries.
This led to the development of many trading centers that operate in trading various type of commodities internationally, which led to economic Growth all across Europe.<span />