Answer: The correct answer is Enzymes.
Process of digestion involves the breakdown of large complex molecules ( like carbohydrates, and proteins) present in the food into smaller soluble molecules ( like glucose and amino acids) that can be absorbed by bloodstream and transported to various body organs.
Protein in the stomach is broken down into amino acids with the help of enzyme called as pepsin ( a protease). It is an endo-peptidase that is produced in the stomach and helps in the digestion of proteins at acidic pH of the stomach ( 1.5 to 2).
C It controls what is allowed to enter or leave the cell.
An example of a missense mutation in a protein-encoding gene would most likely be a neutral mutation is option B: replacement of a polar amino acid with another polar amino acid at the protein's surface.
A frequent and well-known example of a missense mutation is the blood condition sickle-cell anemia. Missense mutations exist in the DNA at a single location in sickle-cell anemia patients. A different amino acid is required in this missense mutation, which also alters the overall structure of the protein. Similarly, replacement of a polar amino acid by another polar Ami no acid at the protein's surface is a missense mutation causing change in a single site.
A neutral mutation is one whose fixation is unrelated to natural selection. Therefore, the independence of a mutation's fixation from natural selection can be used to define the selective neutrality of a mutation.
To know more about mutations, refer to the following link:
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Complete question is:
Which example of a missense mutation in a protein-encoding gene would most likely be a neutral mutation?
a) Replacement of a polar amino acid with a nonpolar amino acid at the protein's outer surface
b) Replacement of a polar amino acid with another polar amino acid at the protein's surface
c) Replacement of a polar amino acid with another polar amino acid in the protein's interior
d) Replacement of a polar amino acid with a nonpolar amino acid in the protein's interior
