This oath is recited by A person
The Catholic Church dominated the continent of Europe so virtually everyone was Catholic and because of this The Catholic Church was extremely powerful and influential in society.
Back then, the African American communities still hasn't fully integrated within the US society and they see world war I as an opportunity to prove their patriotism. Over 2.5 million African American served as military personnel and workers during that time.
But still, they are still not allowed to held any form important military position within the war and often discriminated by other soldiers.
The answer is D) Battle of Long Island.
The battle of Long Island resulted in many American soldiers deserting the army.