Chromatid (Greek khrōmat- 'color' + -id) is one copy of a newly copied chromosome which is still joined to the original chromosome by a single centromere.
Before replication, one chromosome is composed of one DNA molecule. Following replication, each chromosome is composed of two DNA molecules; in other words, DNA replication itself increases the amount of DNA but does not increase the number of chromosomes. The two identical copies—each forming one half of the replicated chromosome—are called chromatids.[1]During the later stages of cell division these chromatids separate longitudinally to become individual chromosomes.[2]
Chromatid pairs are normally genetically identical, and said to be homozygous; however, if mutation(s) occur, they will present slight differences, in which case they are heterozygous. The pairing of chromatids should not be confused with the ploidy of an organism, which is the number of homologous versions of a chromosome.
Chromonema is the fibre-like structure in prophase in the primary stage of DNA condensation. In metaphase, they are called chromatids.
I pretty sure that it include both biotic and abiotic. But "C" is wrong. Now your answers are between "A,B and C"
To make Paramecium Contractile vacuole concentration graph useful the salt concentrations descriptions should replaced with actual values.
Thus, option "A" is correct.
What is Paramecium Contractile vacuole
"It is a sub-cellular structure (organelle) involved in osmoregulation."
<h3>What is a graph?</h3>
"A diagram (such as a series of one or more points, lines, line segments, curves, or areas) that represents the variation of a variable in comparison with that of one or more other variables."
<h3>What does the graph in the given question depict?</h3>
It shows that the Paramecium Contractile Vacuole concentration per minute decreases as salt concentration increases.
But the concentration of salt is not mention in quantity so its not clear what are the lowest and highest concentration affecting Paramecium Contractile Vacuole.
Hence, the Paramecium Contractile Vacuole concentration graph can be more useful if the actual values of salt concentration will be mentioned.
To know more about Paramecium Contractile Vacuole here
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Answer:
a. Mammalia
Explanation:
Mammalia are the class species that have distinct systems and separate ducts for different activities like reproduction, excretory, and defecatory and moreover they have nipples to feed their young ones.
So, the above species which has a single duct for reproductive, excretory, and defecatory material as well as a lack of true nipples does not belong to Mammalia
