<u>Cross the </u><u>green-pod plant</u><u> with a yellow-pod plant. </u>Because the homozygous recessive plant tests for the presence of any recessive alleles in the unknown genotype.
The cross between an unknown genotype plant and a known homozygous recessive plant is referred to as a test cross. Because each offspring of a recessive homozygote will inherit one allele for the recessive trait, the phenotype of the offspring will depend on the second allele.
The genotypes, allele combinations, and observable qualities of children from genetic crosses may be predicted using a Punnett square. Mendel examined the genetics of pea plants and determined how traits like flower color, blossom position, seed color, and seed shape are passed down through the generations.
According to Mendel's theory, parents impart "heritable factors"—what we now refer to as genes to their children, which in turn determines their qualities. A particular gene, such as the Y gene below, which determines seed color, has two copies in every individual. If these copies correspond to various alleles, or versions, of the gene, the dominant allele may conceal the recessive allele. The dominant yellow allele Y conceals the recessive green allele Y in seeds.
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Answer:
d
Explanation:
b/c hydrogen fuel cells are uses car energy.
Answer:
1. Isotonic
2. hypotonic
3. hypertonic
4. Hypotonic
5. hypertonic
6. Isotonic
Explanation:
The ideal osmotic environment for an animal cell is an isotonic environment. <u>That is, an environment with a solution that has the same solute concentration as the cytosol.</u>
An animal placed in a hypotonic solution will gain water, swell, and possibly burst because there is a net movement of water from the solution to the cytosol due to the osmotic gradient. <u>A hypotonic solution is one with a lower solute concentration than that of the cytosol.</u>
When an animal cell is placed in a hypertonic solution, <u>a solution that has more solute concentration than the cytosol</u>, there is net diffusion of water out of the cell into the surrounding solution.
The ideal osmotic environment for plant cells is a hypotonic environment. That is, an environment with lower solute concentration compared to the cytosol. A plant cell placed in a hypertonic solution would lose water and become plasmolyzed. In an isotonic solution, a plant cell would become flaccid because there would be a lack of turgor pressure as a result of inadequate water in the cells.
For each glucose that enters glycolysis, 10 NADH enter the electron transport chain.
- NADH and FADH, which function as electron transporters as they move through the inner membrane region, are involved in the processes of the electron transport chain.
- Electrons are transferred from NADH to the electron transport chain at complex I, where they transit through the other complexes. In this mechanism, NADH is oxidized to NAD.
- The four protein complexes of the electron transport chain use this energy to oxidize NADH and FADH2 (ETC).
- Each of the three previous stages of respiration—glycolysis, the conversion of pyruvate into acetyl-CoA, and the citric acid cycle—contributes two of the ten NADH molecules that enter the electron transport.
- The citric acid cycle contributes six of the molecules. The citric acid cycle is where the two FADH2 come from.
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