Answer:
NADP is the cofactors in photosynthesis which loses electrons,becomes reduced(NADPH) in photosynthesis. It transfer electrons in reduced form(NADPH) into the stroma of the chloroplast. The H is splits into e- and H+
These electrons for the ETC chains, generates the PMF for pumping H+ as protrons into the thylakoid intramembranes.
Outer membrane covers the intramembrane space, between these two membranes layers. The protons in the intramembrane space generate the electrochemical gradient for the supply of the energy used by ATPase synthase for ATP synthesis from phosphorylation with ADP.
The chloroplast is made up of both the outer and inner membrane,separated by the intramembrane space. The walls of the intramembrane space is guided by the outer envelope.
Therefore with the outer envelope removed, the intramembrane is exposed,more protons(H+) are released, but can not be held in the outer envelope to form electrochemical gradients,beacause the intramembrane space is now permable.
Thus the rate of reduction of DCPIP is faster.The color changes to colorless increases when reduced , from blue color.
Explanation:
The correct answer is option D, that is since genetic drift is random, it does not always favor the better or healthier organisms.
A mechanism of evolution in which the frequencies of alleles of a population change with generations because of sampling error is known as genetic drift. It takes place in all the populations of non-infinite size, however, its influences are strongest in small populations.
Answer
The worm gets coated with antibodies, which activate other cells in the immune system to secrete chemicals that kill it.
Explanation:
Production of T-helper I cytokines like IFN gamma, IL-2 and IL-18 is highly protective against helminth infection by activating the macrophage intracellular killers. Protection against mucosal eosinophil responses in which antiparasitic chemicals are released. Killing also involves direct cytotoxic mechanisms in which T- cell and NK-cells directly release antiparasitic agents like perforin and granulysin which kill the parasite.
Answer:
thermophile.
Explanation:
A thermophile is a kind of bacteria that belongs to the Archaea Domain and they are the kind of animals that can live in a region of high or extreme temperature. There has been a research on a kind of thermophile which is known as Methanopyrus kandleri which can exist in an extreme temperature of up to 500° C.
So, if we take a look at the question again we can see that after 48 hours and at 37°C 20,000 bacteria per milliliter are already in the tube and at more higher temperature of 55°C we have 1,568,000 bacteria per milliliter which means that at higher temperature more of the bacterial is produced.
