The answer would be:
C. Transcription
Here's a little more about gene regulation:
Gene regulation as mentioned already, is the process of turning genes on and off. In multicellular organisms, the different cells have the same DNA in them but through gene regulation, different sets of genes are expressed. The genes that are expressed determine the function and appearance of the cell.
Answer:
c. break the N2 triple bond.
Explanation:
In the general nitrogen reduction reaction (which occurs in the nitrogenase complex), ferredoxin acts as an electron donor to Fe-protein, which in turn hydrolyzes ATP and reduces MoFe-protein. By reducing MoFe-protein one can then reduce numerous (triple bonded) substrates although, under natural conditions, it reacts only to N2 and H +.
That is, ATP must be present in the reaction so that MoFe-protein can break the triple bond N2.
The binding and hydrolysis of ATP to Fe-protein causes a change in conformation of this protein which facilitates redox reactions. The enzymatic reduction of N2 by nitrogenase requires a large energy investment, although the exact changes in free energy are still unknown.
Osmosis. Cell membranes are "selectively permeable", where water is able to cross the cell membrane, but things that are dissolved in the water (solutes) are not. There are also small proteins called aquaporins which are designed to channel the movement of water across a cell membrane. You have to remember that water will move to achieve an equal solute concentration with that exists outside of the cell. A Hypotonic solution means that the liquid outside of the cells has LESS solutes in it than the cell does. Cells will take up water to match the low solute concentration outside the cells. A Hypertonic solution will have MORE solutes than the cell, and the cell will lose water to match the concentration outside the cell. Cells in a hypertonic solution will shrivel up, and cells will take up so much fluid in a hypotonic solution that they may burst.
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