Explanation:   
Well, its extremely hot in the hydrothermal vents. Scientists simply believed it would be impossible for anything to survive due to the heat. Bacteria and micro-organisms were able to adapt to growing there, though. So in short words, they survived extreme conditions teaching scientists that life was quite adaptable.
Weird fun fact: In Switzerland it is illegal to own just one guinea pig. Felt the need to mention that ^ Sorry, I know it has nothing to do with the question but i felt it was worth speaking of.
 
        
             
        
        
        
<span>When cells were first taken from Henrietta Lacks, she was suffering from cervix cancer. Henrietta Lacks was a woman whose cervix cancer cells were used as the source of the HeLa cell line nowadays used in medical research. During treatment for cervical cancer in 1951, the cells were taken without her knowledge. The cells were cultured by George Otto Gey who created the HeLa cell line.</span>
        
             
        
        
        
Unlike other ways of reproduction, sexual reproduction provides variation through inheriting various genes. This variation is essential for adaptation as it would not just create a copy of the original life form, but rather a different unique life form that could adapt to something, and then have it's own offspring with the adapted trait.
        
             
        
        
        
TRNA reads codons from mRNA and then brings attached amino acids accordingly. Amino acids are connected in long chains called proteins.