The act of 1776- (pouring the tea in the sea I believe)
Massilia to Carthage is the route that involves trade outside of the Byzantine Empire.The Byzantine Empire was also known as the Eastern Roman Empire. Its capital city was Constantinople. The routes Rome to Athens, Alexandra to Ravenna and Antioch to Ephesus all fall within the Byzantine Empire. The Byzantine Empire was the most powerful empire during its existence and survive the breaking up and fall of the Western Roman Empire.
In Germany, the power is with the people (=it's a democracy) which are represented by the members of the parliament: it's a representative democracy. It's also a federation of 16 states.
Iran, on the other hand is a theocracy: a country ruled by the members of the clergy. It can also be named an oligarchy: the power is with a few members of the society.