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Symbiosis or Mutualism: When two species live together in a close association that is helpful to both species, the relationship is known as symbiosis. The oxpecker bird and the rhinoceros exhibit this relationship. The oxpecker receives protection and obtains food from the ticks and other pests infesting the rhino’s skin.
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Microorganisms can be found both in the external environment (ecosystem) and the internal environment (microflora) of higher organisms.
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Microorganisms (microbes) are microscopic forms of life that include bacteria, protists, fungi and animal species, these organisms can se differentiated by using laboratory techniques such as the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) or by microscopes. These organisms are both beneficial and both beneficial and pathogenic for humans. For example, the microflora may be useful in digesting nutrients contained in the food. On the other hand, <em>Plasmodium falciparum</em> is a pathogen microorganism that is found in the digestive system of mosquitoes and cause malaria in humans.
A test that can assess the thyroid function by determining the amount of iodine taken into thyroid cells is known by the abbreviation of RAIU or the Radio Active Iodine Uptake Test. The RAIU is used in diagnosis of thyroid problems.
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This diagram depicts the phenomenon of DNA translation in the central dogma of life. Here are the labels
1. <u>RNA strand</u> because it is a sequence of four nucleotide A, G, C, U. It has Uracil, this is why it is RNA. Further, translation takes place when DNA is already transcribed.
2. <u>Ribosome</u> is a machinary for protein formation. This is because it provides right environment to transfer RNA to decode RNA strand into a protein sequence.
3. <u>Amino acid</u>: Each amino acid is carried by a transfer RNA (tRNA). The type of amino acid depends on type of tRNA. All proteins are mostly formed with 20 amino acids and so there are at least 20 tRNA.
4. <u>Polypeptide (protein) chain made up of amino acids</u>: It depicts multiple amino acids, which tRNA carries, and are bonded together through peptide bonds.
5. <u>Transfer RNA (tRNA)</u>: tRNA has a complementary sequence to RNA strand and thus it binds with right sequence. It carry an amino acid which is then bonded to another amino acid amino acid to make a polypeptide chain.
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