Answer:
One of the common genetic disorders is sickle cell anemia, in which 2 recessive alleles must meet to allow for destruction and alteration in the morphology of red blood cells. This usually leads to loss of proper binding of oxygen to hemoglobin and curved, sickle-shaped erythrocytes. The mutation causing this disease occurs in the 6th codon of the HBB gene encoding the hemoglobin subunit β (β-globin), a protein, serving as an integral part of the adult hemoglobin A (HbA), which is a heterotetramer of 2 α chains and 2 β chains that is responsible for binding to the oxygen in the blood. This mutation changes a charged glutamic acid to a hydrophobic valine residue and disrupts the tertiary structure and stability of the hemoglobin molecule. Since in the field of protein intrinsic disorder, charged and polar residues are typically considered as disorder promoting, in opposite to the order-promoting non-polar hydrophobic residues, in this study we attempted to answer a question if intrinsic disorder might have a role in the pathogenesis of sickle cell anemia. To this end, several disorder predictors were utilized to evaluate the presence of intrinsically disordered regions in all subunits of human hemoglobin: α, β, δ, ε, ζ, γ1, and γ2. Then, structural analysis was completed by using the SWISS-MODEL Repository to visualize the outputs of the disorder predictors. Finally, Uniprot STRING and D2P2 were used to determine biochemical interactome and protein partners for each hemoglobin subunit along with analyzing their posttranslational modifications. All these properties were used to determine any differences between the 6 different types of subunits of hemoglobin and to correlate the mutation leading to sickle cell anemia with intrinsic disorder propensity.
Explanation:
Scientific method includes some steps that are necessary for conducting the successful experiment.
1. Make an observation
You observe the growth of the plant under the influence of light (phototropic effect) and you notice that some plants successfully grow under artificial light. You want to compare that growth with growth under the sunlight.
2. Ask a question
How does the light influence plant growth?
Are the wavelengths of the light important?
Is natural light source (sun) better for plant growth...
3. Form a hypothesis - it is a testable potential answer to the question
For example: Sunlight induces higher phototropic reaction.
4. Make a prediction
Sunlight is richer in red and blue hues which are both extremely important to plant growth.
5. Test the prediction
Design an experiment by putting one pot with beans outside on sunlight and other under the light bulb. Other conditions such as water must be the same. Monitor their growth for about 2 weeks and measure the results.
6. Analyze the data and make a conclusion.
Sporozoites that have undergone radiation. The PfSPZ vaccine has been in development by the company. The premise of the vaccine is use to use these radiated sporozoites inside the body to bring forth an attack on the sporozoite, which will help the body prevent itself against further attacks of malaria. Due to its promising nature, the U.S FDA department granted it the fast track designation in 2016.
Answer:
0.05 mg/mL ( B )
Explanation:
Given data:
20 mg/ml starch
2% solution = 2g of solute is in 100g of solvent
<u>Determine the new concentration in mg/ml </u>
Dilution equation = C1V1 = C2V2
new concentration ; applying the dilution factor
dilution factor = 1 : 400 ; ( 2 /400 )g = 0.005 g of solute is present in every 100 mL
∴ new concentration = 0.00005 g / 1 mL * ( 1000 mg / 1g ) = 0.05 mg/mL
