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Olenka [21]
3 years ago
7

Now discuss with suitable examples how the issue price of bonds payable is determined? When does the issue price results in a di

scount issue or a premium issue? What are the two methods of amortization of bonds discount/premium and how they are different from each other? What are the accounting issues when bonds payable are issued between the interest dates and when bonds payable are extinguish?
Business
1 answer:
nordsb [41]3 years ago
4 0

Answer:

How the issue price of bonds payable is determined?

The issue price is the Present Value of the Bond which is calculated by taking thee following into account:

1. Periods to Maturity

2. Maturity Value

3.Coupon Payments

4.Yield to Maturity

When does the issue price results in a discount issue or a premium issue?

<u>Discount issue</u>

When the Coupon Rate is less than the Market Rate

<u>Premium issue</u>

When the Coupon Rate is greater than the Market Rate

Two methods of amortization of bonds discount/premium

1. Effective Interest method

2. Normal Interest and Payment method

Accounting issues when bonds payable are issued between the interest dates and when bonds payable are extinguish?

1. Difficulty in compounding the interest rate or yields to maturity.

2. Use of wrong yield to maturity

Explanation:

Each requirement of this question is explained above.

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Answer:

a) 9.00 %

b) 7.80 %

c) yes the weight of the debt increases here is more risk in the investment as the debt payment are mandatory and failing to do so result in bankruptcy while the stock can wait to receive dividends if the income statement are good enough

d) 9.00  %

e) The increase in debt may lñead to an increase in return of the stockholders if they consider the stock riskier than before and will raise their return until the WACC equalize at the initial point beforethe trade-off occurs

Explanation:

a)

WACC = K_e(\frac{E}{E+D}) + K_d(1-t)(\frac{D}{E+D})

Ke 0.12

Equity weight 0.5

Kd(1-t) = after tax cost of debt = 0.06

Debt Weight = 0.5

WACC = 0.12(0.5) + 0.06(0.5)

WACC 9.00000%

c)

WACC = K_e(\frac{E}{E+D}) + K_d(1-t)(\frac{D}{E+D})

Ke 0.12

Equity weight 0.3

Kd(1-t) = after tax cost of debt = 0.06

Debt Weight 0.7

WACC = 0.12(0.3) + 0.06(0.7)

WACC 7.80000%

d)

WACC = K_e(\frac{E}{E+D}) + K_d(1-t)(\frac{D}{E+D})

<em>Ke 0.16</em>

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Kd(1-t) = after tax cost of debt = 0.06

Debt Weight 0.7

WACC = 0.16(0.3) + 0.06(0.7)

WACC 9.00000%

3 0
3 years ago
An issuer has filed a registration statement in the state proposing to offer 500,000 shares in a combined primary and secondary
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Answer:

b. 300,000 shares being sold is an issuer transaction and the 200,000 shares being sold is a non-issuer transaction.

Explanation:

A non-issuer transaction is a transaction that does not directly benefit an issuer or it was not directly executed to benefit an issuer.

According to the Uniform State Law, an entity involved in the sales of certificates of interest, leases, mining titles among others is officially exempted from being labelled as an issuer. Hence, the entity (officers of the firm) in the question are non-issuer brokers.

Specifically, when the sales of stock are carried out by someone or an individual who is not a registered stockbroker, that individual officially becomes what is called 'a non-issuer broker-dealer'. The implication is that such a transaction is to be exempted from the registration requirements of the Security Exchange Commission.

In this question, since the issuer newly issued 300,000 shares while the remaining 200,000 in the proposed combination was offered by Officers of the firm - non-issuer broker-dealers. The Law states that it must be separated to show that 300,000 shares are sold in an issuer transaction (Primary) directly involving an official issuer while 200,000 shares are sold in a non-issuer transaction (Secondary).

3 0
3 years ago
An investment offers $6,400 per year for 15 years, with the first payment occurring one year from now. If the required return is
yawa3891 [41]

Answer:

PV= $62,158.4

Explanation:

Giving the following information:

Annual payment= $6,400

Number of periods= 15 years

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<u>First, we need to calculate the future value using the following formula:</u>

FV= {A*[(1+i)^n-1]}/i

A= annual payment

FV= {6,400*[(1.06^15) - 1]} / 0.06

FV= $148,966.21

<u>Now, the present value:</u>

PV= FV/(1+i)^n

PV= 148,966.21 / (1.06^15)

PV= $62,158.4

4 0
3 years ago
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Answer:

40%

Explanation:

The index of openness measures how much a country is exposed to international trade. It is calculated by this formula:

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Index of Openness= (2 billion+2 billion )/10 billion

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Example of demand in economics.
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