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Nataly_w [17]
3 years ago
6

Ralph is looking at a blood vessel under a microscope as part of his study about the cardiovascular system. He notices that the

vessel contains blood and has valves. Determine the blood vessel being observed.
Biology
2 answers:
Ulleksa [173]3 years ago
7 0
Vein because they have valves to prevent back flow of blood.
Cloud [144]3 years ago
5 0
I think the correct answer for this would be the veins. Ralph is observing a vein since he notices  that the vessel contains blood and<span> which is the function of the veins - to carry blood around the body. Hope this answers the question. Have a nice day.</span>
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Briefly describe how amniocentesis and chorionic villi sampling are used in genetic screening.
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Amniocentesis is an invasive method that involves the aspiration of 10-20 ml of fetal water through the abdominal wall under ultrasound-guided control. In most cases, the procedure is performed around the 16th week of gestation. The fetal water sample contains fetal cells, mostly cells of fetal skin and the epithelium of the urinary tract.

Chorionic Villus Sampling (CVS) biopsy is performed between weeks 11 and 12 of gestation. During biopsy, with ultrasound guidance, the tissue of the chorionic fossa is aspirated mainly across the abdomen (transabdominal pathway). The biopsy specimen is of fetal origin and belongs to the outer layer of blastocyst cells or the trophoblast (outer layer of the placenta). Very often, the biopsy specimen contains tissue of the decidua (mucous membrane of the uterus) that is of maternal origin, and it is necessary to remove the maternal tissue before any treatment of the sample.

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The amniocentesis procedure carries a risk of miscarriage of 0.5-1%.  After aspiration of the fruit of the water, the sample is centrifuged to separate the cells from the amniotic fluid. Separate cells are seeded on a nutrient medium (cell culture) that stimulates cell growth. After about 14 days, the cell culture is further used for various genetic or biochemical analyzes such as karyotyping.

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