Answer:
The political system of Central and Northern Italy was characterized by the city states great fragmentation and spirit of autonomy. This situation constituted an insuperable obstacle to any prospect of national unification and a serious barrier even to the formation of smaller state organizations such as the regional states into which Italy later consolidated.
This factor indeed stood them out.
Slavery helped contribute to the south's cotton boom during the 1800's. this cotton boom helped raise the economy up. But during Civil War slavery was banned from the U.S. leaving the south after their defeat to lose the slaves and dropping the south into an economic depression.
Appellate court hope this helps :)
I don’t know the answer sorry :/