Answer:
Adams signed the controversial Alien and Sedition Acts and built up the Army and Navy in the undeclared Quasi-War with France. During his term, he became the first president to reside in the executive mansion now known as the White House
It all depends on the definition of the term Modern Era. The word modern comes from Latin word modo, which means right now or just now. It was used for the first time during the Renaissance in Italy to bring attention to the great rediscoveries of sciences, the arts, history and politics of Classical antiquity and the subsequent discoveries and progresses accomplished like the Age of Discovery.
If such definition is used as the basis for this question then the answer is definitely C.The establishment of global empires.
Indeed, since during the previous periods, Empires were limited to their immediate geographic areas. There had been some attempts to explore areas that were located much farther like the Vikings and their travels to Greenland and North America.
However, it was the Europeans: and to some lesser extent the Chinese, that actually discovered (in the literal sense of removing the cover) the Americas for the entirety of the world. The discovery paved the way for the emergence of Global Empires that were completely unprecedented in the history of humanity since they spanned several continents. For instance, the Global Spanish Empire Under Philip II of Spain in the 16th Century that spanned the continents of Europe, the Americas, Africa and Asia.
It was a easy way to give everyone a place in society. I was organized and easy to maintain for the European governemnt, but it wasn't a fair system because peasants and serf were unable to work upwards in the society.
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They were not entitled to freedom in the North, because there was a law stating that if caught, they were sent back to their slave owners in the south.
The reasons art these:
1. they created a structured system of state and federal courts.
2. made available the basic means of collecting taxes and producing money.
3. they find solutions to the boundary disputes with Great Britain and Spain.
4. they created a structured way for settling and ruling the western territories.