Answer:
The answer is the last one after they won the war they had a lot of debt and gave them policies they probably wouldn't have to go through in Britain this is showing the growing rift between the two countries.
Explanation:
The final loss of Jerusalem for European forces can be considered to be between 1270 and 1272. In the year 1270, Louis IX of France who lead the (arguably called) Eight crusade died on the shores of modern day Tunisia. This had effectively ended the Eight crusade and also led Henry III of England's son Edward to sail to Acre and try to reclaim the city. He was, however, unsucessful and had to return back to England. His demise marks the ending of the Ninth crusade which lasted from around 1271 to 1272. After this crusade no major attempt from Europe was made again to reclaim Jerusalem or any other city captured by the Crusaders in previous crusades.
Alfred Thayer Mahan was the one who took the position that the United States should establish naval bases outside of the country. Alfred was named "the most important American strategist of the nineteenth century", and was known for being a naval officer for most of his life.
Humanism encouraged intellectuals to focus on human potential and/or accomplishment.
I think it was Robert Walpole.
