Sikhism was founded in 1469 by Guru Nanak in the Indian region of Punjab.
Guru Nanak and his nine successors shaped the core beliefs of the religion during the 16th and 17th centuries. Sikhs first arrived in the US in the late 19th century.
Samuel Adams was a Founding Father of the United States and a political theorist who protested British taxation without representation, uniting the American colonies in the fight for independence during the Revolutionary War.
Hope this helps!
Two trig identities are of interest here:
... sin(x)² + cos(x)² = 1
... csc(x) = 1/sin(x)
Using the first one, you can subtract cos(x)², the take the square root to find
... sin(x) = ±√(1 - cos(x)²)
Using that in the second one, you have
... csc(x) = ±1/√(1 - cos(x)²) . . . . . . . . . . . . . matches the 3rd choice
