D. Sexual reproduction produces offspring that have a greater genetic variety and durable zygotes that can help green algae species survive unfavourable conditions.
The purpose of the kidneys is to filter waste from the blood, and other things like water, glucose, amino acids, some minerals/vitamins, and other small molecules can also get filtered out. Reabsorbtion of water in the kidneys allows the body to maintain a fluid balance (drink a lot and you pee more cause you have an excess of water). As for the other aforementioned things, they're often needed for metabolic processes (such as certain enzyme functions) so loosing it to waste decreases efficiency and efficacy of other bodily processes.
Answer:
c. Less oxygen consumption per second
Explanation:
- The sarcomere is a functional unit of muscle tissue. During repeated muscle contractions, the oxygen delivery to the muscle is reduced.
- As noted in the question, the rate and load of muscle contractions are the same under both conditions but the differences in the number of contractions in the second day experiment only increase.
- So as the number of contractions increases, more time is required to work. But continuous work can lead to a shortage of oxygen. Therefore, due to low availability, less oxygen per second is consumed. Lactic acid production by anaerobic respiration through muscle tissue causes muscle fatigue.
- Considering other dubious options, there is no increase in load and there is not much power generation. At the same time, ATP consumption increases due to continuous contraction, so the cellular ATP / ADP ratio is generally reduced.
- Since the calcium release by the sarcomere is reduced during continuous muscle contraction and the contraction rate does not change, the cross-bridge cycling speed is not affected.
What are your options?
Anyways, I would say evolution