Answer:
It is $18,290.24 
Explanation:
Profit after Tax (65%) = addition to retained earnings+dividend paid
                                    = $411 +  $285
                                     = $ 696
Profit before Tax = [100/65] * $ 696
                             = $1070.76
Tax (35%)             = 35% * $1070.76
                             = $374.77
Gross Profit = Profit before tax + Total expenses
                     = $1070.76 + [  $4,370+ $103+ $812]
                     = $6355.76
Cost of Sales= $24,646 -$6355.76
                      = $18,290.24 .
Note
-Dividend is paid is paid from profit after tax
 
        
             
        
        
        
Answer:
I think it's a income tax
 
        
             
        
        
        
Interest
Interest is the monetary charge for borrowing money—generally expressed as a percentage, such as an annual percentage rate (APR). Key factors affecting interest rates include inflation rate, length of time the money is borrowed, liquidity, and risk of default. Interest can also express ownership in a company.
        
             
        
        
        
The answer is: by cheap foreign labor
Currently, most of the corporations that operates in america manufacture their products in countries such as China, india, indonesia, phillipines, or Eastern European countries.
People who live in those countries typically have lower standard of living. Because of this, they can agree in receiving salary that are considerably lower compared to the minimum wage in united states.