Based on the other answer, I'm guessing that it was A. Russians were likely to reject pure Marxism because Marx was a German. (I'll update it when I know for sure.)
A group of Northern Democrats who were against the American Civil War were called the Copperheads. They were the ones who wanted to prevent the independence of American slaves. The name came from copper liberty-head coins that they wore as badges.
To keep the invaders out of China ordered to be made by Qin
<span> Although the skyrocketing urban populations strained public school systems, schools educated everyone from the children of urban professionals to the children of immigrant workers and the very poor. Some cities, including Boston, New York, Chicago, and San Francisco, even provided free secondary schools.</span>