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3 years ago

1. A gas has a volume of 45 L at a pressure of 140 kPa. What is the volume when

Chemistry

1 answer:

pishuonlain [190]3 years ago

7 0

Answer:

The new volume of the gas is 21 L.

Explanation:

Volume of a gas is inversely proportional to its pressure at constant temperature such that,

$V\propto \dfrac{1}{P}$

$P_1V_1=P_2V_2$

We have,

$V_1=45\ L\\\\P_1=140\ kPa \\\\P_2=300\ kPa$

It is required to find V₂. Using above law or Boyle's law such that :

$V_2=\dfrac{P_1V_1}{P_2}\\\\V_2=\dfrac{140\times 45}{300}\\\\V_2=21\ L$

So, the new volume of the gas is 21 L.

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Which is a pure substance? soda gasoline salt water carbon dioxide

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Answer: Carbon dioxide is a pure substance.

Explanation: A pure substance is defined when a substance has a single type of molecule. If more than 1 type of molecule is present in a substance, then it is considered as a mixture.

Soda is basically a mixture of water and carbon dioxide. More than 1 type of molecule is present.

Gasoline is a mixture of may gases. More than 1 type of molecule is present.

Salt water contains salt and water molecules, hence it is considered as a mixture.

Carbon dioxide has only 1 type of molecule which is $CO_2$ molecules. Hence, it is a pure substance.

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3 years ago

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An analytical chemist is titrating 118.3 mL of a 0.3500 M solution of butanoic acid (HC3H7CO2) with a 0.400 M solution of KOH. T

TEA [102]

Answer:

pH = 12.33

Explanation:

Lets call HA = butanoic acid and A⁻ butanoic acid and its conjugate base butanoate respectively.

The titration reaction is

HA + KOH ---------------------------- A⁻ + H₂O + K⁺

number of moles of HA : 118.3 ml/1000ml/L x 0.3500 mol/L = 0.041 mol HA

number of moles of OH : 115.4 mL/1000ml/L x 0.400 mol/L = 0.046 mol A⁻

therefore the weak acid will be completely consumed and what we have is the unreacted strong base KOH which will drive the pH of the solution since the contribution of the conjugate base is negligible.

n unreacted KOH = 0.046 - 0.041 = 0.005 mol KOH

pOH = - log (KOH)

M KOH = 0.005 mol / (0.118.3 +0.1154)L = 0.0021 M

pOH = - log (0.0021) = 1.66

pH = 14 - 1.96 = 12.33

Note: It is a mistake to ask for the pH of the acid solution since as the above calculation shows we have a basic solution the moment all the acid has been consumed.

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3 years ago

In recrystallization from boiling water of benzoic acid contaminated with acetanilide, you begin with an impure sample of 5 gram

kherson [118]

This question is incomplete, the complete question is;

In recrystallization from boiling water of benzoic acid contaminated with acetanilide, you begin with an impure sample of 5 grams. If the % composition of the acetanilide impurity in the sample is 6.3 %, what is the minimum amount in mL of solvent (water) required for the recrystallization

Compound Solubility in water at 25°C Solubility in water at 100°C

Benzoic Acid 0.34 g/100mL 5.6 g/100mL

Acetanilide 0.53 g/100mL 5.5 g/100mL

Answer:

The minimum amount in mL of solvent (water) required for the recrystallization is 91 mL

Explanation:

Given the data in the question;

mass of sample = 5 g

percentage composition of the acetanilide impurity = 6.3%

mass of the acetanilide in impure sample will be;

⇒ 6.3% × 5 g = 0.315 g

Mass of benzoic acid in impure sample;

⇒ 5 g - 0.315 g = 4.685 g

now, solubility in water at 100°C for benzoic acid = 5.6 g/100mL

hence 4.685 g of benzoic acid is soluble in x mL

x = [ 100 mL × 4.685 g ] / 5.6 g

x = 83.66 ≈ 84 mL

Also, solubility in water at 100°C for acetanilide = 5.5 g/100mL

hence 0.315 g of benzoic acid is soluble in x mL

x = [ 100 mL × 0.315 g ] / 5.5 g

x = 5.727 ≈ 6 mL

So, the minimum amount in mL of solvent (water) required for the recrystallization will be;

⇒ 85 mL + 6 mL = 91 mL

The minimum amount in mL of solvent (water) required for the recrystallization is 91 mL

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3 years ago