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Iteru [2.4K]
3 years ago
13

What were some significant gains of the Women's Movement?

History
1 answer:
tankabanditka [31]3 years ago
7 0

"El derecho a sufragio "

Sólo en 1893 la mujer tuvo derecho a voto sin restricciones en Nueva Zelanda, primer país en el mundo que ofreció dicha posibilidad y con esas características.

Chile en 1926 aprobó el voto femenino por la vía del Senado para las elecciones municipales. Sólo en 1952 las chilenas pudieron manifestar su preferencia en los comicios presidenciales.

"Píldora anticonceptiva "

Estados Unidos aprobó el Enovid 10 milígramos, que sería usado como píldora anticonceptiva en 1957, trayendo consigo la revolucionaria planificación de la maternidad.

La píldora llega a Chile en los años ’60 y durante el gobierno de Eduardo Frei Montalva se distribuye para controlar la alta tasa de fallecimientos que representaban los abortos clandestinos y los partos mal tratados.

"Trabajo "

En 1910 se proclamó el Día Internacional de la Mujer Trabajadora (preludio del Día de la Mujer actual), en el contexto de la II Conferencia Internacional de Mujeres Socialistas, celebrada en Dinamarca.

Pasó bastante tiempo hasta que se institucionalizó la fecha, pero ayudó la fatídica muerte de 126 trabajadoras textiles en el siniestro que acabó con la fábrica Triangle Shirtwaist de Estados Unidos. Esto conllevó cambios radicales en las normas de seguridad y de salud en el trabajo para las mujeres.

Además, provocó la creación del Sindicato Internacional de Mujeres Trabajadoras Textiles, el cual inspiró la fundación de posteriores entidades dedicadas a preservar la salud y sanidad de la mujer en la obra.

"Educación "

Las primeras universidades datan del siglo XI. Por ello es que sorprende que sólo en el siglo XX se haya abierto, en un comienzo, el ingreso de las mujeres a los planteles de educación superior.

Siempre existieron excepciones, pero el atrevimiento femenino tuvo lugar una vez adentrado el 1900, y únicamente en naciones con mayor desarrollo del sistema.

Si nos referimos a Chile, cabe destacar a Eloísa Díaz, primera médico de Sudamérica graduada en 1886. Caso aparte el de ella, pues recién varias décadas después fueron visibles grupos de mujeres que fueron en busca de su realización profesional a las universidades.

"Vestimenta "

No es despreciable la batalla social que dan a diario las mujeres que quieren lucir prendas que se desmarquen de lo concebido como normal. Muchas hoy se espantarían al saber que hace algunos años el uso de pantalones estaba prohibido, o que una minifalda constituía una falta grave.

Pues sí, la Primera Guerra Mundial masificó el uso de los pantalones en la mujer, consagrada anteriormente sólo al porte de la falda. En 1935, el jeans se abrió al espectro femenino de la mano de Lady Levi’s.

La falda corta, en tanto, comenzó a popularizarse en los años ’60 en Europa, bajo la mirada atenta de los más conservadores y detractores de su pequeñez.

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